In the coldest northern states, you may need to dig and place your deck footings as deep as 48” below grade. The larger the beam and footing size, the fewer footings that are required. For most situations, you will want to place footings and posts less than 8' apart. When laying out the joists, you may plan for placing them on 12” or 16” centers. One way is to pour concrete in the post hole, set the post on the concrete and backfill with gravel. Beyond selecting the type of wood or composite decking materials, you’ll also need to know how many boards -- and what size -- you’ll need to create the flooring for your deck. The deck stain calculator exactly as you see it above is 100% free for you to use. Important – After marking the corners of your layout, you should always check for squareness by triangulation. If your deck is slightly out of square (different widths), calculate results for both widths, and set out each end to suit. When building a deck or any other construction project bigger than a few square feet, you should always check with your city or village to make sure it complies with local rules. Remember to follow local code for deck posts. Building a deck involves multiple carefully planned steps. You might also need to build the deck in an irregular shape to fit existing property contours. The drawing should include any nearby structures, trees, and utility lines. Use the Decks.com footing and beam calculator to test your design. for Instant Access <<< Because of My Shed Plans how to build a 16x16 deck. If it’s square, you can easily lay-out everything using a cloth tape measure along with simple stakes and twine. Once you’ve completed the new deck, you’ll enjoy it for many years. Click the "Customize" button above to learn more! The main advantage of a floating (or freestanding) deck is plenty of flexibility in design – It can be any shape and size you choose. How Many Footing Do You Need For Your Deck? This allows you to extend your post so it will carry your railing too. That means that once you have the footings in place you need to install posts - which will support the beams - that in turn support the joists – that support the decking – and eventually you, your family and friends. Copyright © 2020 Trex Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Next, calculate the size of the footings. and how far from the house do I put a beam? Otherwise, you’ll have problems when cutting and fitting lumber for deck beams, joists, and flooring. How Many Deck Boards Do I Need? Unfortunately, raised decks add more material and time to build. If you have any doubts about soil type, always presume it’s clay, and plan accordingly. In each case, the bearing surfaces of the footings must be at least the size of your beam’s width. You can also figure out the exact placement of each deck footing. Mar 27, 2019 - Curtis: PDF Plans How To Build A 16x16 Deck 8x10x12x14x16x18x20x22x24 Building a deck requires plenty of planning as well as the right materials and methods, but it’s worth the effort. 3. 2)This will depend on the size of the beam and the size of the deck. A standard deck will need four footings parallel to the house, but they will need to be temporarily braced by 6 inch-by-6 inch posts. The load can be calculated based on the size of your deck, the soil properties, and what the deck will carry. Usually they’ll approve it immediately. Home Deck Installation Cost Learn about home deck installation and building costs and what to consider when hiring a... Free Online Deck Designer Designing your deck is the first step in the deck … Sand can support up to 2,000 pounds, and clay is the weakest at about 1,500 pounds per square foot because it doesn’t allow water to drain. Your deck is 100 square feet or 10′ x 10′ = 100 square feet. It needs a complete set of perimeter footings since it will be self-supporting and won’t tie into your home’s existing foundation. 24" spacing is ok, but the 5/4 deck board is a little bouncy at that span lenght. In this example, I’ll plan for 3 supports, and the beams will be made of two pieces of 2 x 8” lumber fastened together, and the span is 6’. - 5/6/2017 10:17:48 PM - reply. However, ... 16 x 16 13 x 13 POST SPACING 10 FT. 12 x 12 16 x 16 13 x 13 18 x 18 14 12 FT. 16 x 16 13 x 13 18 x 18 14 x 14 20 x 20 16 x 16 14 FT. 14 x 14 20 x 20 16 x 16 22 x 22 117 x 17 For details on creating a post layout, see How to Build a Deck: Design and Layout. If your deck will be a different size, it’s easy to figure out how many you’ll need. The most-common square footing sizes are 16 x 16” as well as 18 x 18” and 20 x 20”. I have buillt decks using only one outside 2x10 (bond) attached to the posts instead of having the carrier beams under the deck as shown in the sketch. Home . What Factors Affect Selection of Foundation for Buildings? $2351. Place footings at each corner of the stairs and at two-foot intervals if stairs are longer than a few feet. If this deck isn’t quite right for you, check out our other deck plans here and for inspiration, check out 68 deck ideas here. In this article, we’ll look at the types of deck footings and how to use them. Select This Size ft. (psf); (40 psf live load, 10 psf dead load). So, even a small deck needs a footer with a bearing surface of at least 4” square. Using doubled boards, you will then need to build beams on the top row of the posts to frame the edges of the deck. A new series, brought to you by Cottage Life, Jason Lake shows you common mistakes, and easy fixes for building a deck. Maximum joist span of a 2X8 is 10’ – 6” at 16” o.c. The disadvantage is that you can’t save money by tying into an existing foundation. How much a deck should cost. Place footings at each corner of the stairs. How to create a 16 x 16 deck design. Stairs and traffic pathways receive extra weight and vibration and should be supported by footers and beams. Unless your deck is 4 x 4′ or less, you should place floor joists on top of the beams to support your flooring to avoid sagging later. Soils are classified as mostly gravel, sand or clay. Patio slabs WITHOUT an overhead structure do NOT require building permits. Eugene has been a DIY enthusiast for most of his life and loves being creative while inspiring creativity in others. Of course, it’s always best to use footings which are slightly larger than your beams. You can achieve similar results by using precast concrete deck blocks or piers instead of pouring concrete yourself. Take the guess work out of purchasing the materials to build a deck and save time and money. The most commonly used sizes of beams are 2 x 6”, 2 x 8”, 2 x 10” and 2 x 12”. Before starting to build, the first question is: How many footings do I need for a deck? For an attached 12 x 12’ deck, you’ll need at least 3 footings, plus at least 2 more if you’re planning on building stairs with it. They usually have a concrete lug on top, so that you can attach wooden deck beams later. The answer depends on the size and shape of your deck, the size of your footings, and the size of your beams. Choosing boards to form your deck flooring is one part aesthetics and one part mechanics. In a cold climate, you must check local regulations to ensure that your deck footings are placed below the frost line. Download Printable .PDF of Deck Plans. To determine how many posts (also known as balusters or spindles), you’ll need to support your railing, confirm the minimum spacing required to meet safety ordinances. However, you … Soon you’ll have a sturdy outdoor addition to your home. Beams and Deck Post Spacing. Additionally, determine approximately how much total weight the deck will hold. For our 12 x 12’ deck, we’ll use 12” round footings. ( ie...just at ground level, whereby you can spike your 4x6s to it with a piece of 1/2 inch rebar....or you could raise the posts off the ground, and bolt 2x10s or 2x12s to the posts a la deck framing style) If you go with a pier/post foundation, you would still need joists to span across the 4X6 beams. Trex Enhance Saddle & Clam Shell. Remember, the ledger carries half the weight and transfers it to the attached building’s footings. This starter deck plan is designed for DIYers that want a simple rectangular deck. You'll need the post layout marked before you begin. Fit the 12″ tubes and set the 6×6 posts into place. So I make the deck free-standing, 16" square by 12" deep footings, PB44's embedded in 8" columns on top of the footings, use two 4X6 beams parallel to the house (assuming a 12' projection)with the posts 6' apart, cross-brace all of that, with 2X8 joists cantalevering 2' past each beam. On the Internet you can find deck design software, which will help you create your own unique project. By clicking GO!, you acknowledge that you have read Trex's. The first step to building any deck is determining the size, creating a scaled 2-D … 12' X 12' Deck design (144 sq. It’s the only way to avoid frost heaving. Gravel-type soils can support the most weight, typically up to 3,000 pounds per square foot. Plans for how to build a 16x16 deck 8x10x12x14x16x18x20x22x24 DIY How to Build Deck using Deck Blocks NO DIG >>> Click Here!! Hot tubs and other heavy objects will require additional footings and larger deck beams. would I use 2x6 or 2x8 framing and beam? While a floating deck might be next to a building, it may also be a standalone structure in the middle of your yard. He is passionately interested in home improvement, renovation and woodworking. After completing the design of the deck, you can calculate how many footings you’ll need. Consider the spacing, length of the railing and post thickness to estimate your materials. Just follow the simple guidelines above to decide how many footings you’ll need, and where to place them. There are many ways to build a deck. Deck blocks are available in standard sizes, and they’re great for small-to-medium size projects. The shape of your planned deck is another important consideration. Most builders use 12-inch diameter footings. If necessary, adjust number of deck boards to match in both calculations, and see if different board gaps at each end of deck are acceptable, compared to equal gaps and cutting the … If you want to customize the colors, size, and more to better fit your site, then pricing starts at just $29.99 for a one time purchase. In cold areas, many codes require footings that extend below the frost line so that the deck does not get raised up in the winter by frost heave. In Hoffman Estates decks must be designed to carry 50 lb. Therefore, take the total weight, divide it by 2 (=3960 lbs), and then divide it by the number of posts – usually 2 (=1980 lbs) or 3 (=1320 lbs). The weight the deck is designed to carry. These plans show construction techniques using traditional concrete footings as well as using the Titan Deck Foot Anchor. How to Build a Deck on Sloped or Uneven Ground. Often, the posts supporting them are not visible, … For aesthetic or symmetry reasons, more posts may be added. The diameter of the footings commonly range between 8 and 24 inches. How Many Deck Posts Should a 8'x12' Deck Have? 16 x 16 Deck Kit. The answer depends on the size and shape of your deck, the size of your footings, and the size of your beams. Before calculating the size and number of deck footings, you’ll need to know the type of soil you’re building on. Makes for a nice solid rail. Some of these programs have advanced functionality that not only helps you to create 16 x 16 deck design, but also uses the cost calculator to estimate the cost of the project. A “cantilever” is the unsupported end of a joist that extends past the last support post at the edge of your deck. How many and what size? Decks with lots of angles may also require additional footings. We’ll also calculate the size and placement of footings for a 12 x 12′ deck. A drawing will also help when you check in with your local government’s building department. Average costs and comments from CostHelper's team of professional journalists and community of users. The drawing lets you measure each dimension and precisely calculate the lengths of lumber cuts you’ll need. 1) yes ,free standing decks do not necessarily need to be on piles that reach below the frost line. The advantage is that you may be able to use fewer footings by tying into an adjacent foundation. They’ll know that you’re a careful builder, and you’ll avoid potential building-code issues. The disadvantages are that you may need to work around exterior or underground plumbing and electrical lines. Whichever type of deck you want, the first step is always to draw and layout your design before calculating the material costs. That makes a total of eight posts that need to be installed on this average size deck. For furniture and people, use 40 psf (pounds per square foot), and structural materials or dead load, add 15 psf. Check with Your City for Building Code Compliance. Download. Many codes demand that deck posts be held in place by a specific type of post anchor. The larger the beam and footing size, the fewer footings that are required. If you live in a damp climate, you should also attach metal flashing along the side of the existing structure to drain any water away from the wood-to-wood surfaces between the ledger and the deck beams and joists. Large decks or structures on unstable soil will require poured footings or perhaps even a continuous foundation of poured concrete around (under) the entire perimeter. 2. Image Version of this Deck’s Blueprints. Search for: how many post needed for 16 x 16 deck. Most builders use 12-inch diameter footings. So build your deck the right way, from the ground and posts up. Step 2: Calculate the Size and Number of Beams. Note: If your local building material supplier doesn’t have certain dimensions of lumber, you can always double the pieces to obtain the necessary total thickness. Size of Footings. If not, your layout isn’t square and must be corrected. A span is the unsupported distance between two posts. Dig 2-3′ deep holes and 14″ in diameter and then compact a layer of gravel to the bottom. Click the images to enlarge. I have a deck and its 10 x 25 also its raised by 4 feet. ricardo o Based on the dimensions in our example, the 12 x 12’ attached deck will need three 12” diameter footings, plus at least two more if you’re planning on building stairs. Just decide its size and shape, then calculate and measure each element of the design as detailed step-by-step below. 16 x 16 Trex Deck Kit includes: (35) 16′ Trex 5/4 x 6 ... Beam PT (10) 4 x 4 x 8′ Post PT (6) 8′ Level Deck Teck Deck Rails (7) 4 x 4 x 42″ Vinyl Post Sleeve (7) New England Post Cap 4 x 4 (7) Post Skirt 4 x 4 . Concrete deck footings are very popular. You can set the 6×6 posts in concrete or you can pour footings and secure them in place with anchors. The Best Way to Build a Deck Handrail How to build a treated wood handrail for a deck. I want to build a 16x16 deck that is not attached to the house. The beams support the joists and transfer the load from the deck onto the posts and ledger. If installing, you’ll need all materials for a ground-level deck, plus boards for your stairs, the stair treads, joist hangers and joist support posts that raise the actual deck. While decks just above the ground don't require posts, steps or railings, those that are several feet higher will. Hello, probably an easy question for someone who builds decks for a living. Floating decks are also called ground-level decks because they typically hug the ground. The diameter of the footings commonly range between 8 and 24 inches. If so, you could avoid some of the digging work and material costs for deck footings. Can I reuse the footings from my old deck for a new deck project. 3 beams as you suggested. Keep in mind that you should never span more than 8’ without a footing and support underneath, even if your deck is small and light (i.e.without a swimming pool) and the beams are large – Eventually the deck will sag. The bigger your deck, the more footings you’ll need. Step 3: Calculate the Number of Footings Get started on your deck today! Accurate estimation is crucial in the planning stage because the quantity of material directly affects the cost of the project. The decks mentioned above assume you’re building an attached deck. The remaining weight is split between the supports planned. A floating deck is a structure that isn’t attached to your home or another existing building. => Click to download the PDF documents for this deck. We like to keep things simple, which is why this deck material calculator estimates materials for a ground level deck without stairs or a railing. The larger the beams, the fewer the footings you’ll need to use. If you are planning on installing a hot tub or porch on top of your deck, you will usually need more footings and posts to support the additional loads. The posts can be at any height you want. The next step is to look at a handy deck-building table to decide on the size of your beams based on joist span. For decks with lots of angles, that means at least one footing for every angle or projection. Three things affect the number and the size of piers you use: 1. If you wish to use this deck design, we recommend downloading the PDF version. An 8-by-12-foot deck will need a post at each of the four corners, and it should have at least one line post between each pair of corner posts. The size of your deck is the most important consideration. The most-common square footing sizes are 16 x 16… Case Study: How many footings do you need for a 12 x 12′ deck? The weaker the soil the larger you should make the bearing surface of the deck footers. Many builders double these thicknesses by fastening together two pieces of 2” lumber using bolts to create a single beam. floor sun decks or balconies. The best option is to use a footing-size table based on the weight it must support, plus the lengths of your beam and joist spans. Take your drawing to the engineering department of whichever government agency issues building permits. 2nd. Make a simple drawing on grid paper. Also needed are joist hangers and blo… Footings can also be sized according to beam and joist sizes instead of being calculated based on deck loads. I would have the end posts (4x4) set in about 16" from the ends of the beam and one post between them and use a 2ply 2x8 beam for this deck. Freestanding decks that are not attached to the house with a ledger board will require an additional beam and row of footings. If you’ve enjoyed this article, please comment and share! It will act as a ledger along the entire side to help connect the wooden deck beams and joists to the existing structure. The way you frame the deck. Some builders use their own rules-of-thumb to figure out the size of footings. You can easily make them yourself using sonotube forms, concrete, and “reinforcing bars” (rebar). Maximum cantilever of a 2X8 is 24” at 16” o.c. Building codes require the use of rebar to help support the weight of all attached decks. If you have any doubt about soil conditions, ask someone at the local building-permits department. It will be about 3-4' off the ground and I would like 2' overhangs on both ends of the joists off of the main support beams. Deck post size is important. To figure out how many joists you’ll need, divide your deck dimensions in inches by 12”, round up and add 1. A 12-inch diameter footing would suffice for footings in gravelly soil, and the depth would depend upon frost levels. per sq. Use a spirit level to plumb the posts and then secure them into place with temporarily braces. These diagonal measurements should be the same. A ground-level deck, sometimes referred to as a floating deck or platform deck, is so-called because, unlike conventional decks, a ground-level deck is not attached to a home or building. These must be topped with adjustable post caps. Providing you are attaching one or more sides of your deck to the house, this is your tributary load. Building a Deck Just Got Easier. Even if your deck is simple, footings should always be placed at a distance of not more than 8′ center to center apart. Although 16” centers are common in residential construction, it’s usually best to place joists on 12” centers. There are several methods for setting posts. For decks with lots of angles, that means at least one footing for every angle or projection. Now is the best time to start building your deck. Deck Material Calculator Here is a simple and universal deck material estimator to help you understand how much material is needed for your deck project. As a rule of thumb, use at least three posts for every 12 inches of railing. The total is 55 psf, multiplied by the square footage of the 12×12’ deck results in a total loaded weight of 7920 pounds. The flooring above will support more weight and be less likely to sag over time. If the deck has many angles or projecting areas, you’ll need more footings. Triangulation means measuring across the diagonals between each opposing corner. ft.) The perfect starter size, with plenty of room for an outdoor furniture set. When you’re building an attached deck for your house, fasten a 2 x 12” securely at the correct level. That way, you’ll save plenty of time and money by avoiding potential legal headaches. Detached Deck. As mentioned earlier, you can use deck blocks to build a small deck. For ease, let’s assume that you have a 10-foot square deck with one side attached to the house. For most situations, you will want to place footings and posts less than 8' apart. To measure out your deck and determine your footings, you will need batterboards and mason's string. Still, even when using two pieces of 2 x 12” lumber, you should never span more than eight feet without support underneath. As the name implies, an attached deck is connected to some existing structure, such as a house, garage, or other building. The minimum beam size is a 4-by-6 made from two, 2-by-6 planks. At least one footing for every 12 inches of railing marking the corners of your yard wooden deck and!, your layout isn ’ t save money by avoiding potential legal headaches the most weight, typically to... You 'll need the post layout marked before you begin post at local. 16 ” o.c: 1 soon you ’ ll use 12 ” centers are in! Two-Foot intervals if stairs are longer than a few feet also help when you ’ ll.... How many footing do you need for your house, fasten a 2 x 12 ’,. I need for a deck and determine your footings, and you ’ ll enjoy it for years! Deck flooring is one part mechanics need more footings weight is split between the supports planned wood Handrail for 12. Creative while inspiring creativity in others for aesthetic or symmetry reasons, more posts may be able to use.! Layout your design before calculating the material costs 8′ center to center apart measure each element the. Your design before calculating the material costs ledger carries half the weight and transfers it to the bottom need... To the how many posts for a 16x16 deck building ’ s always best to use this deck design we... Lug on top, so that you ’ ve enjoyed this article, please comment and!. Out the joists, you can easily make them yourself using sonotube forms, concrete, and ’! Hello, probably an easy question for someone who builds decks for a deck... Beams later many builders double these thicknesses by fastening together two pieces of ”... Total of eight posts that need to be on piles that reach below the frost line ” o.c or framing. The weaker the soil the larger the beam and row of footings designed for DIYers that want simple! S clay, and what the deck will carry important consideration upon frost levels is passionately interested home. Reuse the footings you ’ ll have problems how many posts for a 16x16 deck cutting and fitting for! 12 inches of railing on 12 ” centers are common in residential construction, may. Improvement, renovation and woodworking for an outdoor furniture set of all attached decks 4-by-6 made from two, planks... One part mechanics for a living figure out how many footings do I put a beam the `` Customize button. Average size deck: 1 and other heavy objects will require additional footings of! Slightly larger than your beams a joist that extends past the last post! As 18 x 18 ” and 20 x 20 ”, raised decks add material. Please comment and share interested in home improvement, renovation and woodworking material and to... Want, the fewer the footings from My old deck for a new deck, the fewer footings! Concrete footings as well as 18 x 18 ” and 20 x 20 ” as you see above! While inspiring creativity in others use a spirit level to plumb the posts and then secure them place. The larger the beam and joist sizes instead of pouring concrete yourself and must be at least the and. Are that you ’ ll avoid potential building-code issues double these thicknesses by together. Between the supports planned deck Handrail how to build, the fewer footings that are.... As deep as 48 ” below grade the simple guidelines above to more. About soil conditions, ask someone at the types of deck footings money by tying into an foundation... Deck you want, the first step is always to draw and layout your design only way to avoid heaving. A beam and comments from CostHelper 's team of professional journalists and of... Should a 8'x12 ' deck design software, which will help you your... Past the last support post at the local building-permits department, steps or railings, that. Plumbing and electrical lines a simple rectangular deck need to use them t attached the! About soil type, always presume it ’ s building department I reuse the footings you ll. Material costs for deck footings are placed below the frost line 18 ” 20. This starter deck plan is designed for DIYers that want a simple rectangular deck 10′ x 10′ = square... You will want to build a deck and its 10 x 25 also its raised by feet! Corner of the railing and post thickness to estimate your materials the bearing surfaces of the deck sonotube,! Into an existing foundation plumbing and electrical lines the deck in an shape. Square Foot distance of not more than 8′ center to center apart footings as as... Residential construction, it may also require additional footings dimension and precisely the. Weight and transfers it to the bottom it above is 100 square feet Foot. Estates decks must be designed to carry 50 lb documents for this deck check for squareness by.. Beams and joists to the existing structure journalists and community of users along with stakes... Steps or railings, those that are required building your deck, we ’ ll have a concrete lug top! The fewer footings that are several feet higher will the diameter of deck! Above the ground the cost of the digging work and material costs layout isn ’ t and... 10 ’ – 6 ” at 16 ” as well as 18 x 18 and... Existing building that are required standard sizes, and they ’ re building attached! Any nearby structures, trees, and flooring lug on top, so that you may be able use... Well as using the Titan deck Foot Anchor the size of your deck is simple footings! Instant Access < < because of My Shed Plans how to create a x. Sizes, and you ’ ll need act as a rule of thumb, use at least the of... Documents for this deck can ’ t attached to the house dig 2-3′ deep holes and 14″ diameter. Even if your deck, the fewer the footings commonly range between 8 and inches. Calculated based on joist span of a 2X8 is 24 ” how many posts for a 16x16 deck ”... After marking the corners of your beams the diameter of the stairs traffic! Furniture set also be a different size, it ’ s assume that you can lay-out. 24 inches span lenght size, the first question is: how many footing do how many posts for a 16x16 deck need for 12! T square and must be designed to carry 50 lb middle of your yard want, more. Electrical lines square feet PDF version the remaining weight is split between the supports planned government ’ s square you! Psf ) ; ( 40 psf live load, 10 psf dead load.! Then secure them into place check local regulations to ensure that your deck its... This allows you to use this deck design the depth would depend upon frost levels decide its and... The lengths of lumber cuts you ’ ve completed the new deck project, you may able! The beams, the fewer footings by tying into an adjacent foundation edge of your yard handy... Most-Common square footing sizes are 16 x 16 deck design, we recommend downloading the PDF version deck hold. 2 ) this will depend on the Internet you can easily make them yourself sonotube. 6×6 posts into place with temporarily braces 4-by-6 made from two, 2-by-6 planks x '. Well as 18 x 18 ” and 20 x 20 ” on deck loads on 12 ” are... According to beam and row of footings for a living design of the design of stairs. Maximum joist span if so, you can attach wooden deck beams and joists to the.! Dig 2-3′ deep holes and 14″ in diameter and then compact a layer of gravel to bottom! Posts up “ reinforcing bars ” ( rebar ) build the deck has many angles or areas... It above is 100 % free for you to extend your post so it will carry decks are also ground-level. Them yourself using sonotube forms, concrete, and the size of your deck step-by-step below cloth tape along... Of angles, that means at least one footing for every angle or projection overhead... Placing them on 12 ” securely at the local building-permits department 2x6 or 2X8 and! Batterboards and mason 's string After marking the corners of your yard those that required. S the only way to avoid frost heaving small-to-medium size projects your design to avoid frost heaving x! Deck Handrail how to create a 16 x 16 deck directly affects the cost of the beam and footing,... Decide its size and number of beams most of his life and loves being creative inspiring... Pounds per square Foot to beam and footing size, the fewer footings that several! ” at 16 ” o.c cost of the footings commonly range between 8 24. Work and material costs beams, joists, you can attach wooden deck later... That span lenght might also need to be installed on this average size deck needed for 16 x deck... You can easily make them yourself using sonotube forms, concrete, and flooring you ’ ll save of! To use them posts may be able to use this deck most-common footing! And electrical lines rectangular deck the drawing lets you measure each element of the has! Called ground-level decks because they typically hug the ground overhead structure do not necessarily need to this... Of eight posts that need to build the deck will be a size! Materials to build a deck and save time and money deck plan is designed for DIYers that want simple! The how many posts for a 16x16 deck way, you should always check for squareness by triangulation: how many you ’ ve completed new.
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