Journal of Biological Chemistry 2011 , … Cytochrome C in Electron Transport. Cytochrome c's primary structure comprises a chain of 100 amino acids. It is an essential component of the electron transport chain (ETC), where it shuttles electrons to cytochrome c oxidase (COX) to eventually generate ATP. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c is the most stable and abundant member of the class, and it has been the most … In the process, it translocates four protons, helping to establish a chemiosmotic potential that the ATP synthase then uses to synthesize ATP. CYCS (Cytochrome C, Somatic) is a Protein Coding gene. Cytochrome c is a highly conserved ~12 kDa protein consisting of a single 104 amino acid peptide with a single heme group, which is covalently attached to Cys and Cys. Mammalian Cytochrome c (Cytc) is a multifunctional protein involved in cellular life and death decision. CcmI Subunit of CcmFHI Heme Ligation Complex Functions as an Apocytochrome c Chaperone during c -Type Cytochrome Maturation. Cytochrome c oxidase uses several metal ions to shuffle electrons onto oxygen molecules. Electron carrier protein. However, when a cell receives an apoptotic stimulus, cytochrome c is released into the cytosol and triggers programmed cell death through apoptosis. Cytochrome c is primarily known for its function in the mitochondria as a key participant in the life-supporting function of ATP synthesis. Diseases associated with CYCS include Thrombocytopenia 4 and Autosomal Thrombocytopenia With Normal Platelets.Among its related pathways are Apoptosis Modulation and Signaling and Nur77 Signaling in T-Cell.Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include iron ion binding and electron transfer activity. Because of its ubiquitous nature and sequence homology, cytochrome c has been used as a model protein for molecular evolution. Other articles where Cytochrome c is discussed: cytochrome: …letters and numbers, such as cytochrome a3, cytochrome c, and cytochrome B562. Cytochrome c is a small protein associated with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion that functions as an essential part of the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration. During the electron transport process, this heme iron interconverts between the Fe 3+ and Fe 2+ oxidation states, which allows for electrons to be accepted and donated. Cytc also functions as a trigger of apoptosis when released into the cytosol. Function. Cytochrome c contains a heme iron metal center that is essential to its function. It is the last protein in the electron transport chain.It receives an electron from each of four cytochrome c molecules, and transfers them to one oxygen molecule, converting molecular oxygen to two molecules of water. This participation in apoptosis of eukaryotic cells is now considered to be another significant function of cytochrome c. Cytochrome c and c-type cytochromes occur in all eukaryotic organisms. This is denoted as site "A" and is very close to the region that binds to cytochrome c (not shown), the small protein that delivers electrons to cytochrome c oxidase. Cytochrome-c plays a key part in electron transport associated with aerobic cellular respiration.. 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