Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja, the Lion of Kerala, the man who humbled Hyder Ali, Tipu Sultan and Arthur Wellesley finally fell to betrayal and capture, a true hero and a legend. Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja was born in the Padinjare Kovilakam of Purannattu Swarupam- the royal clan of the kingdom of Kottayam. Before so large numbers, rebels thought wise to go under-ground for time being. [citation needed], As a part of terrorisation, Peruvayal Nambiar who was arrested was hanged. Most importantly Thomas Hervey Baber, a cunning man was appointed as Sub-Collector. Pazhassi Raja aka Kerala Varma is one of them who despite his heroic resistance against the British has not found his due place in history. [29], However, Rediff also stated that "sentimentalism bogs down the pace [of the film]" at several occasions of the story. Pazhassi Raja Tomb: Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja - See 56 traveller reviews, 20 candid photos, and great deals for Kalpetta, India, at Tripadvisor. Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) Album has 6 songs sung by K J Yesudas, K. S. Chithra, Madhu Balakrishna. Create New Account. Even in Kottayam which had become quiet might explode once more and a large rebel force with Raja as head was still at large. So the British put forward a solution acceptable to the Raja by which 20 percent of gross revenue would go to Raja and another 20 percent would go for the temples' expense. [31], Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja collected around ₹ 82 lakh from first day over the 125 releasing centres. This Padinjare Kovilakam (Western Branch) of the royal dynasty was located at Pazhassi. Folklore insists that he committed suicide by swallowing a diamond ring to avoid capture after he was wounded. As talks broke down, Commissioners' issued a threat proclamation in Kottayam that if those Kottayam men in service of Raja does not desert him and come home, they would be declare enemies and their properties would be confiscated. As seen before, Raja was deadly opposed to extortion of the peasantry. His full name is Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja. But the plan could not be carried out as there were not enough troops in Malabar. [2], Raja learnt that Wellesley had left to Deccan on a military mission-Raja who understood that Major General’s absence is a great chance swiftly made his move. Rajas were now stripped of their right to rule as they willed; they also lost control over their economies. To add to their trouble, in 1803, a rebel force took to field in Kurumbranad* & Payyormala* and people were sympathetic to rebels. "[30] Other critics pointed the sloppy fight scenes and the English accent of Padmapriya who has dubbed for herself in the film. Had it not been for arrival of Major Anderson’s force the following day, hardly any would have survived due to lack of medical care. It stars an ensemble cast consisting of Mammootty, Sarathkumar, Kanika Subramaniam, Manoj K Jayan, Padmapriya, Thilakan, Peter Handley Evans, Harry Key, Linda Arsenio and Jagathi Sreekumar. The revolt is led by Kerala Varma (Mammootty), the Raja of Pazhassi Palace, of Kottayam house. The rebel army was mostly composed of archers and sword men, but some had muskets. In the ensuing confusion, a bullet caught him in the chest. With a prayer to Sriporkali, his clan deity, he collapsed on the bank. Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja is a 2009 Malayalam historical drama film based on the life of Pazhassi Raja, a Hindu king who fought against the British in the 18th century. [citation needed] This was where the British and Pazhassi Raja had opposite opinions – Pazhassi Raja helped the British not because he was ready to accept British sovereignty but because he wanted his country Kottayam to be a free land.[6]. He was born on 3 January 1753 as the youngest prince at Kannur, Malabar to the ancient royal clan of Puranattu Swarupam that had three branches of rulership. But the attempt failed and British arrested Ravi Varma who had fled to Wayanad to join hands with Pazhassi Raja. Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja attained martyrdom fighting the British forces at the age of 52 in 1805, thus bringing an end to his resistance which started in 1774. The rise of Pazhassi Raja begins in 1773, during Hyder Ali’s second invasion of Malabar. Not surprisingly, Tipu sent an army under a French general named Lally with a genocidal mission—the extermination of the Nair caste from Kottayam to Palakkad – as Tipu was determined to end the menace of Nair rebels in Malabar who had foiled all attempts of him and his late father Hyder Ali to subjugate and exploit Malabar. [citation needed], The Treaty of 1797 agreed on following points:[citation needed], A pardon and restoration of property was also extended to Narangoli Nambiar of Iruvazinad. The exploitation of the native Indian resources by the company had culminated in popular revolts against its authority across the district. But for time being, Raja was in a strong position. He is supported by his army chief Edachena Kunkan (Sarathkumar) and his brother-in-law Kaitheri Ambu (Suresh Krishna). The film was directed by Hariharan, written by M. T. Vasudevan Nair and produced by Gokulam Gopalan. Thus, the origin of the name Pazhassi Rajawas pronounced as Pychy Rajah by the early British. His battles against Mysore kings, Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan are also famous. One of the earliest rebels to be killed was Pazhassi Raja. The Malabari partisans made excellent use of the wooded hills that covered most of Malabar during this rebellions. London: T. Cadell & W. Davies / Black, Parry & Kingsbury. He was the prince regent of the princely state of Kottayam or Cotiote in Malabar, India between 1774 and 1805. His men regularly looted enemy treasuries and sandalwood from southern Karnataka and his enemies could do little to check these raids. But this proclamation had little effect in Kottayam where resistance to British-Kurumbranad rule became stronger. Pazhassi Raja become most powerful figure in Kottayam, much to chargin of his uncle Vira Varma. The Raja’s kind treatment of Nambiar irritated the British. He is alleged to have credited Menon so as to deny credit to Clafam and his superior Colonel Hill.[13]. The Raja was truly angry at this decision and decided to retaliate by ruling his country as per customary law. Known for his gorilla warfare, the 18th-century ruler of Malabar was the only person to defeat Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington in a war. Fischer-Tiné, Harald; Mann, Michael, eds (2004). The film starts in 1796, four years after the occupation of Malabar by the British East India Company and towards the end of the First Pazhassi Revolt (1793–1797). [citation needed], In 1774, at age of 21, Pazhassi Raja took over the throne to replace his uncle who had fled to Travancore. https://www.hotstar.com/in/movies/kerala-varma-pazhassiraja/1000101168/watch The film won National Film Award for Best Background Score, Best Audiography and Special Jury Award (for Padmapriya). But none of these threats and temptations worked and Raja was still at large. [1], In 1792, after the Third Anglo-Mysore War, English imposed their paramountcy in Kottayam in violation to their earlier agreement of 1790 which recognised independence of Kottayam.Vira Varma, to whom Raja was a nephew, was appointed by the East India Company authorities as the Raja of Kottayam. Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja, also known as Pazhassi Thamburan, was born in 18th century. Needless to say, Pazhassi Raja was angry at this British move. This force was a fore-runner of the infamous Kolkar, who became infamous for their sycophancy to British and cruelty to resisters and people. [citation needed], Pazhassi Kudeeram-a memorial for Pazhassi Raja at his burial spot in Mananthavadi, Wayanad, Kerala, Pazhassi Raja resisted British imperialism from 1793 onwards till his death in 1805. Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja is a name that seldom finds a place in the history books which throw light on the saga of the Indian struggle for independence—his heroic struggles against the British were never venerated or celebrated beyond the peripheries of Kerala. Though they had to withdraw, they had devastated their enemy. Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is a Malayalam album released on Sep 2009. [citation needed] But one must remember that the whole revolt is a one man show as Wellesley himself remarked once-“We are not fighting 1000 men [Raja’s army] ... but one man ... Kerala Varma.”-Raja’s end would mean end of revolt. – in three volumes. A small army of rebels from Malabar had crossed over to the Mysore side and was holed up there, hidden from the British. Then the Mysore-Chirakkal army captured Kadathanad and installed a puppet Raja who joined hand with Mysore. His struggles with English East India Company is known as the Cotiote War. The story of Pazhassi Raja is one so extraordinary, so filled with courage and action, that it would be worthy of the great songs of old that told tales of the likes of Unniyarcha and Aromal Chekavar. On account of his refusal to flee and resolve to fight invaders, people of Kottayam stood firmly behind the Raja who had not abandoned them in their hour of misfortune. But since recruitment of turncoat Pazhayamviden to British imperial service in 1800, British fully understood their elusive enemy – and consequences were fatal for Pazhassi Raja and his cause. [clarification needed][7], Mammootty plays the title role of Pazhassi Raja. The movie has many songs composed by the R. K. Shekhar, father of A R Rahman. ", "Bullets were fired and the men scattered. "[citation needed], W. J. Wilson, who wrote on the history of the Madras Regiment, credits Captain Clafam and his six sepoys for killing of Raja. Senior British officers like Major Cameroon, Lieutenant Nugent, Lieutenant Madge and Lieutenant Rudderman were killed in action. See more of Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja on Facebook. Pazhassi Raja decided not to let Tipu enjoy Wayanad in peace and kept up a guerrilla warfare that constantly harassed Mysore troops in Wayanad and neighbourhood. Maharaja Kerala Varma Thampuran (Ruling period: 1946 to 1948, a.k.a. [citation needed], So once more rebel force had retreat to Wayanad. He also began to collect troops and armament. [13] Raja is said to have shouted to Menon who approached his body as he lay dying, "Don't defile me, traitor! He fought two wars to resist British intervention in the domestic affairs of his kingdom. Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) Album has 6 songs sung by K J Yesudas, K. S. Chithra, Madhu Balakrishna. This was too much for MacLeod and he resigned immediately after this event. British were angered that where ever he went, nobles supported him in secret and decided to punish them for their help to rebel Raja. For British no more pretexts were needed to arrest Raja. But then the tree fell away. But Pazhassi chased and devastated the Chirakkal army, and then marched to Kottayam where he obliterated the Mysorean occupation and over-ran all of Western Kottayam. Kottayam army became far more stronger with their major victory in 1779 at Kalpetta (Wynad) where whole Coorg army of 2,000 was surrounded and decimated by Pazhassi Raja's troops.Destruction of Coorg army in Wynad enabled Raja to throw a whole new army into contest at Thalasseri. See more » Cotiote War. He was a member of Kottayam Swaroopam (Kottayam clan) and his original name was Kottayam Kerala Varma. [citation needed], Raja feared that British planned to seize him [not knowing that their truce terms were kept blocked from him by his uncle] and retreated into depths of Wayanad. [6] The sounds in the battle scenes of the film were recreated under Academy Award winner Resul Pookutty as he joined in the project only after its completion. He achieved the title Veera (brave) when he fought a guerilla war against British occupation with the … They decided to make peace as they were anxious that guerrilla warfare in a mountainous and forested terrain could last long and that Raja might join forces with Tipu or French. Only a tank still survives today. Along with this he had close ties with Ravi Varma and Krishna Varma, who were princes of Calicut and popular rebel leaders of southern Malabar. Raja then blocked all British communications between Wayanad and Low Malabar through Kuttiyadi Pass. During the initial phases of the battle, the Company loses many men and much money. Edachena Kungan Nair planned the operation and was helped by 150 Kurichia bowmen under Talakkal Chandu. [17] On 25 September, Think Music released a soundtrack album, featuring only the songs. [citation needed], By 1801, a large British force of over 10,000 men swarmed all over Kottayam and Wayanad and they blocked all passes that linked Wayanad with Malabar. They probably didn't realise this film would become a milestone in their careers. Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is a Malayalam album released on Sep 2009. So British troops arrived in Kottayam to help Vira Varma’s tax collectors, but Pazhassi Raja’s men resisted them with success. If there was large and long revolt warfare in Chirakkal, it would have immensely profited Raja. Ambu along with followers went to Kannavam [also spelled Kannavath and Kannoth], where he planned and executed a mass resistance with people’s support, which made sure that Vira Varma could make no tax collection in Kottayam. Through this film, Sarath Kumar makes his debut in Malayalam cinema. By the time, Wellesley decided to smash Raja by a double drive from Malabar Coast and Mysore into Wayanad, Manjeri Athan Gurikkal an Ernad Mappila leader along with his followers agreed to support of Raja. [citation needed], T.H. He also doubled the rate of tax and ordered a reassessment of tax of whole Malabar in a mere forty days. But British could find rebels nowhere. An artist's depiction of Pazhassi Raja on laterite wall. It received numerous other accolades including eight Kerala State Film Awards and seven Filmfare Awards South. Talk:Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja (film) Language; Watch; Edit; Active discussions (Redirected from Talk:Pazhassi Raja (2009 film)) WikiProject India / Kerala / Cinema (Rated Start-class, Mid-importance) This article is within the scope of WikiProject India, which aims to improve Wikipedia's coverage of India-related topics. Though not a nationalist in the modern sense of the term he was a … Calicut University Text for paper Kerala History and Culture Distance Education MA History 2007 by Prof. SS Warrier, Evolution of Kerala History and Culture, Prof. T. K. Gangadharan, 2004, Calicut University Central Cooperative Stores Ltd, No.4347, Calicut University 673,635, Historical preface of Kerala Simham, Sardar KM Panikker, [1941], DC Books, 2008 Edition, Kottayam 686,001, Supplementary Dispatches of Duke of Wellington, Arthur Wellesley [Ed], 1859, "Mathrubhoomi" Daily, 5 October 2009, Kannur Edition. We’ve grown up listening to stories about him, and Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja , the movie, gave us a glimpse into the life of this legendary man. [citation needed], Vira Varma also removed Kaitheri Ambu, a favourite noble and general of Raja, from home administration of Kottayam. Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja, also known as Pazhassi Thamburan, was born in 18th century. Still as a student of history I felt the makers at many places veiled truths and even distorted facts. However Raja was still eager to avoid a war and came to meet Northern Superintendent with a bodyguard of 1500 armed Nayars. Of 1300 Kolkar only 170 were not sick by October. A Journey from Madras through the Countries of Mysore, Canara and Malabar. They also decided that Kurumbranad Raja Vira Varma should be ousted form administration of Kottayam. On account of British disasters, Bombay Government sent a Committee of Government composed of men of highest ranks-Commander-In-Chief Lieutenant General Stuart and Governor Jonathan Duncan. He will be given back his confiscated house at Pazhassi. His struggles with the British East India Company is known as the Cotiote War. Raja was angry at this loot and sent a letter to Supervisor at Talassery. [citation needed], So in 1778, Hyder’s vassal, the Raja of Chirakkal, besieged Thalasseri and enforced an economic blockade-under orders from Hyder himself. Pazhassi Raja, the fourth prince in line for succession to the throne during this period, became one of the de facto heads of state surpassing several of his elder royals. All lyrics are written by Vaali; all music is composed by Ilaiyaraaja. After all he was the only Raja in Northern Malabar to have helped the British consistently in the war with Mysore. There are no featured audience reviews for Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja at this time. Local British authorities, however, debated with Raja and soon both discovered Vira Varma’s dirty games. But to his credit and to credit of his followers and subjects, he gave a bloody five-year fight to British across Northern Malabar.[2]]. They resisted its forcible collection by the agents of the British, and Pazhassi Raja took up their cause. Kerala Varma Pazhassiraja is a Malayalam film, directed by Hariharan, written by MT Vasudenvan Nair and starring Mammootty in the lead role. [citation needed], Given below is an account of final moments of Raja-, "The night of 29 November 1805 was surprisingly hot and humid in the jungles beyond Wayanad. There they were blocked by a rebel force entrenched on opposite side of stream. played other major roles. Battles in Malabar against British were fought under the leadership of Pazhassi Raja. [citation needed], British Government at Madras appointed Major General Arthur Wellesley as British army commandant of Mysore, Canara & Malabar- Ravi Varma who led resistance to Hyder Ali and Tippu Sultan became so furious at this betrayal that he along with his nephews tried to assassinate him in 1793. Wellesley advised Commissioners to stop all communications with Wayanad so as to starve Raja of supplies. A reward of 3000 pagodas was offered for Raja along with 1000 Pagodas for Edachena Kungan and bounties were put on heads of 10 other associates of Raja. The political situation of the time is portrayed from an Indian viewpoint in the film, and the locals are treated sympathetically. [16], The 2009 Malayalam film Keralavarma Pazhassiraja depicts the life of the Raja. Gokulam Gopalan was the film's producer. This Padinjare Kovilakam (Western Branch) of the royal dynasty was located at Pazhassi. Raja retaliated by collecting a large force of Nayars which was now supplemented by Mappilas and Pathans, latter being ex-soldiers of Tipu who became unemployed after Tipu’s death. Here begins another inspiring history of Wayanad. The music score and soundtrack were c… [citation needed], So Northern Superintendent ordered the restoration of the Raja's house [but not treasure], and the Raja's pardon was confirmed by the Bombay and Supreme Governments. Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja was born in the Padinjare Kovilakam of Purannattu Swarupam- the royal clan of the kingdom of Kottayam. [citation needed], Vira Varma Raja was a real crook – on the one hand he undertook to collect tax in Kottayam directly and on the other hand he instigated Pazhassi Raja to oppose the British. Most of the Rajas of Malabar, along with many Naduvazhis or vassals fled to seek political asylum in Travancore. [citation needed], [*Both in northern and eastern parts of modern Calicut District], In March 1803, a rebel force marched as far as Calicut and captured Sub-Jail where they killed all guards and seized their firearms and ammunition. The name Cotiote Raja comes from the British anglicising the name Kottayam to Cotiote. This prompts Raja to start the battle again. For the 1964 Indian film, see, Resistance to Mysore occupation (1773–1793), Rebellion to Oust Tipu Sultan (1784–1793), Wayanad – Its People and Traditions by C. Gopalan Nair. This forces Pazhassi Raja to escape to the forests of Wayanad. The Raja’s tribute to be settled in October 1792 according to the appearance of crop. Strangely, despite an action-oriented story and mind-boggling stunts, the film sags at points. The Company start hunting for Pazhassi and his army chief Edachena Kunkan. Since his family’s seat was at the Pazhassi village in Kannur district, Kerala Varma became famous in history as the ‘ Pazhassi Raja’. [citation needed], But the Governor General unwisely revoked the agreement in 1794 and gave Kottayam to Kurumbranad Raja on a five-year lease. Fort had 70 men under Captain Dickenson and there was a large force of 360 men under Major Drummond only a few miles away in Pulinjali. Log In. The film was directed by Hariharan and written by M. T. Vasudevan Nair. Hold on successfully one `` that will be provided an annual allowance of rupees! Of terrorisation, Peruvayal Nambiar who was arrested was hanged tactless approach of Sardar 's! 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Near defeating Kottayam army though knowing that he committed suicide by swallowing a diamond ring to avoid after! Him. pre-eminence in the chronicles of Malabar during this rebellions both armies would effect a junction that would him. Clan ) and his brother-in-law Kaitheri Ambu ( Suresh Krishna ) political asylum in the role... Kottayam army looted enemy treasuries and sandalwood from Southern Karnataka and his wife!
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