The southeastern portion's highest peaks are located in the Bale Zone of Ethiopia's Oromia Region. There are two protected areas of high moorland: Bale Mountains National Park in the southern highlands, accessible from Dinsho; and Simien Mountains National Park, accessible from Gondar, which includes Ras Dashen. Africas physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately. The Ethiopian Highlands are called The Roof of Africa. The mountain nyala finds its way up to the high moorlands although it is more common at lower elevations. Notice: It seems you have Javascript disabled in your Browser. The farmland is home to many butterflies, especially Papilio, Charaxinae, Pieridae and Lycaenidae. Coordinates: 12°32′00″N 41°23′8″E / 12.53333°N 41.38556°E / 12.53333; 41.38556, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFWeinbergBealer2001 (, An explanation of this unusual rain pattern can be found at, Learn how and when to remove this template message, January 2005: The Ethiopian Large Igneous Province, Ethiopia: Drought intensifies during corn and sorghum harvest, http://worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at0112, "Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands", List of countries where Arabic is an official language, Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests, Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows, Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine–oak forests, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ethiopian_Highlands&oldid=988707409, Articles needing additional references from March 2020, All articles needing additional references, Wikidata value to be checked for Infobox mountain, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2014, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 14 November 2020, at 20:05. It is … Around 30 million years ago, a flood basalt plateau began to form, piling layers upon layers of voluminous fissure-fed basaltic lava flows. Other fauna in the area also includes aardvark, eagle, Egyptian wolf, gelada, secretarybird, Nubian ibex, and marabou stork and Ethiopian endemic species such as the shrew (Crocidura harenna), the narrow-footed woodland mouse (Grammomys minnae), and Menelik's bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus meneliki), which is a subspecies with long, dark fur. Read also: Socotra – The most alien place on Earth. It is sometimes called the Roof of Africa due to its height and large area. The Ethiopian Highlands form the largest continuous area of its altitude in the whole continent, with little of its surface falling below 1500 m (4,921 ft), while the summits reach heights of up to 4550 m (14,928 ft). The Worlds Most Inspiring Destinations, Travel Advice and Guides. The Ethiopian Highlands are Africa’s largest continuous mountain range. Most of the flows were tholeiitic, save for a thin layer of alkali basalts and minor amounts of felsic (high-silica) volcanic rocks, such as rhyolite. Aksum was a leading civilization of the ancient world. While the population is in a state of flux, still it is estimated that there are fewer than 500 individuals left in the world, making it the most endangered carnivore in Africa: the Ethiopian Wolf. The Ethiopian montane forests lie between 1,100 and 1,800 meters elevation, above the lowland grasslands and savannas, and extends to areas of similar habitat in Eritrea, Sudan, and Djibouti. The land is very fertile, capable of three harvests a year. It forms the largest continuous area of its elevation in the continent, with little of its surface falling below 1,500 m (4,900 ft), while the summits reach heights of up to 4,550 m (14,930 ft). The southeastern portion's highest peaks are located in Bale Mountains national park, and are nearly … Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world, and the second-most populous nation on the African continent, after Nigeria. Lake Tana (marked on … Another interesting fact about Ethiopia is, that it is the second country after Armenia to have adopted Christianity as its official religion. The Bale Mountains, also designated a national park, are nearly as high as those of Semien. Moreover, the historical sites to the north and east as Aksum and Lalibela, respectively, are world-class attractions. Note: Range borders shown on map are an approximation and are not authoritative. [5] The youngest surface formed in the Cenozoic, being partly covered by the Ethiopia-Yemen Continental Flood Basalts. On the African continent lie plains, mountains, valleys, rivers, and desserts. Your email address will not be published. Ethiopian Plateau, highlands covering much of Ethiopia and central Eritrea. The majority of the Ethiopian population lives in the highland that has been a shelter for the civilization. The land of the former kingdom is mountainous with stretches of forest. Rather, the core of present-day Ethiopia, and its historic predecessors, has always been the Ethiopian Highlands. However these hillsides have good fertile soil and are heavily populated, largely by farming communities, so most of the region has been converted to agriculture with a few areas of natural vegetation remaining. Little wonder then that the Ethiopian Highlands are often called The Roof of Africa. Additionally, the climate is wetter and more temperate in these high altitudes. The lower portion of the Harenna Forest is a distinct woodland community, with an open canopy of Warburgia ugandensis, Croton macrostachyus, and Syzygium guineense, and Afrocarpus gracilior, with wild coffee (Coffea arabica) as the dominant understory shrub. [5] Contrary to what has been suggested for much of Africa, planation surfaces in northern Ethiopia do not appear to be pediplains nor etchplains.[5]. Ethiopia is often referred to as the “water tower” of Africa because of its abundant water resources, the greatest in the whole of Africa. Remember to … Mountain Area Continent Named mountain Height (Metres) Rocky Mountains 4399 Andes Mountains Anconcagua Himalayas Ethiopian Highlands Mt. At lower elevations, the highlands are surrounded by tropical savannas and grasslands, including the Sahelian acacia savanna to the northwest and the East Sudanian Savanna to the west. The highest peak is Ras Dashen. Africa, the second-largest continent, is bounded by the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the Atlantic Ocean. Above 3,000 meters elevation lie the high Ethiopian montane moorlands, the largest afroalpine region in Africa. In 1980, the ruins of the ancient kingdom were designated as a World Heritage Site. Click Here for a Full Screen Map. High up in the remote highlands of Ethiopia roams a hunter so rare that to get even a glimpse of it is considered to be a privilege. Both cities are Ethiopia’s holiest. [4], The northern Ethiopian Highlands contain four discernible planation surfaces, the oldest one being formed not later than in the Ordovician Period. Constantly, wind and rain is changing the landscape. L'Éthiopie a des frontières communes avec l' Érythrée (ancienne province) au nord, la Somalie à l'est-sud-est, le Soudan au nord-ouest, le Soudan du Sud à l'ouest-sud-ouest, le Kenya au sud et la république de Djibouti au nord-est. Lalibela is named after King Lalibela from the Zagwe-Dynasty who ruled the country in the 1200s. The way the landscape changes is very similar to what is going on in Grand Canyon in the US. Batu 4307 Pyrenees Pic de Aneto Ural Mountains Mt. The population in Lalibela is almost completely Ethiopian Orthodox Christian. The country has one of the most rugged and complex topographies in the continent. The Ethiopian Highlands were eventually bisected by the Great Rift Valley as the African continental crust pulled apart. Read also: Motlatse Canyon – World’s largest green canyon, Ehtiopian highland is one of top places to visit in entire Ethiopia. Required fields are marked *. Plateaus, separated by valleys are found at the peaks. The Ethiopian Highlands form the largest continuous area of its altitude in the whole continent, with little of its surface falling below 1500 m (5000 ft), while the summits reach heights of up to 4550 m (15,000 ft). Africa has eight major physical regions: the Sahara, the Sahel, the Ethiopian Highlands, the savanna, the Swahili Coast, the rain forest, the African Great Lakes, and Southern Africa. Notify me of followup comments via e-mail. The highest peak in the Ethiopian highlands is Ras Dashen. It is sometimes called the Roof of Africa due to its height and large area. They form a part of the Ethiopian Highlands. The Ethiopian Highlands is a rugged mass of mountains in Ethiopia, situated in northeast part of Africa. In the waning stages of the flood basalt episode, large explosive caldera-forming eruptions also occurred. 2010-05-20 13:35:50 2010-05-20 13:35:50. Towards the southern part of Ethiopia the highland turns into lowland. This article represents some of the top places to visit in Ethiopia on the African continent. The Ethiopian Highlands share a similar flora and fauna of other mountainous regions of Africa; this distinctive flora and fauna is known as Afromontane but from the time of the last ice age has been populated with some Eurasian (palearctic) flora. [1] Most of the Ethiopian Highlands are part of central and northern Ethiopia, and its northernmost portion reaches into Eritrea. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Some of these regions cover large bands of the continent, such as the Sahara and Sahel, while others are isolated areas, such as the Ethiopian Highlands and the Great Lakes. The Western Ethiopian Highlands By Merkineh Mesene . The Great … The Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands is the largest of the highland ecoregions, occupying the area between 1,800 and 3,000 meters elevation. Many endangered animal and plant species can only be found in the Ethiopian highlands. The southwesterly winds bring rainfall from May to October with moisture from the Red Sea coming in from the east year round. Answer. Most of the Ethiopian Highlands are part of central and northern Ethiopia, and its northernmost portion reaches into Eritrea. The Ethiopian Highlands are a rugged mass of mountains in Ethiopia, Eritrea (which is sometimes referred to as the Eritrean Highlands), and northern Somalia in the Horn of Africa. The Ethiopian Highlands is a rugged mass of mountains in Ethiopia, situated in the Horn region in Northeast Africa. The Great Rift Valley runs through the center, splitting the Highlands in two. The habitats are somewhat different on either side of the Great Rift Valley that splits the highlands. Yet although Ethiopia’s troubles are far from over there is much more to the country than this. The Ethiopian Highlands is a rugged mass of mountains in Ethiopia, situated in the Horn region in northeast Africa. Top places to visit in Ethiopia in northeast Africa. The Great Rift Vally starts in the Bay of Aden near Socotra Island and continues further south to Kenya. The five major topographic features of the country are the Rift Valley, Western and Eastern Highlands, and Western and Eastern Lowlands. It is a continent of many habitats, from sandy shorelines, wetlands, and forests to rocky highlands, savannas, and kopjes. Dallol – Hottest Inhabited Place on Earth, Motlatse Canyon – World’s largest green canyon, Wrangel Island Russia: Home for the Last Mammoth, Cascada Bigar in romania: Most beautiful waterfall, Habitat of Komodo Dragon: Facts about Komodo Island in Indonesia, What to see in Georgia and Armenia in the Caucasus Region. Fertile soil (offering three harvests a year), a temperate climate (with heavy rains causing the flooding of the river Nile in the summer) and a distinctive range of ‘Afromontane’ flora and fauna all combine to produce a plethora of … The Highlands, firmly wedged in the Horn of Africa, form the largest high altitude area on the continent, with peaks over 4,500m and plateaus spreading across huge areas above 1,500m. The interior part of Ethiopia is covered by the Ethiopian Highlands and continues further north into Eritrea. Africa, the second-largest continent, is bounded by the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the Atlantic Ocean.It is divided in half almost equally by the Equator. The Kingdom of Aksum (also known as the Aksumite Empire) was an ancient state located in the Eritrean highlands and Ethiopian highlands, which thrived between the 1st and 7th centuries CE. The Ethiopian Highlands are divided into northwestern and southeastern portions by the Main Ethiopian Rift, which contains a number of salt lakes. While containing large stretches of plains in the east and south, the country is dominated by highlands, which rise to well over 3,000 ft (1,300 m), and the Great Rift Valley , which is several hundred meters below sea level. Back in Geological time, the highland was a major plateau, which through time has been strongly effected by erosion. Towards the southern part of Ethiopia the highland turns into lowland. They are also, without exaggeration, simply spectacular. It is the 4,533 m high Mount Ras Dejen. Leul Aswededegn (Ethiopian Contemporary Music) Licensed to YouTube by CD Baby (on behalf of Nahom Records Inc); CD Baby Pro (Publishing), ASCAP, and 3 Music Rights Societies This woodland belt has several natural plant communities, but has mostly been heavily grazed and converted to agricultural use now. Learn how your comment data is processed. They are called the Simien Mountains but there are a whole lot of things going on up there. This rifting gave rise to large alkaline basalt shield volcanoes beginning about 30–31 million years ago. In the Harenna Forest, pockets of moist, closed-canopy forest with Pouteria and Olea are draped with lianas and epiphytes, while above 2400 meters, a shrubby zone is home to Hagenia, Schefflera, and giant lobelias (Lobelia gibberroa), species which can be found on the East African mountains further south. Its summit, Ras Dashen (4,550 m), is the highest peak in Ethiopia. Urban areas in this ecoregion include: Ethiopia's capital city and Africa's fourth largest city Addis Ababa, the Amhara Region capital Bahir Dar with its island monasteries on Lake Tana, the old walled city of Harar, the spa town of Ambo, Asella in the Arsi Zone, the trekking center of Dodola, the lakeside Debre Zeyit, the largest city in the southwest Jimma, the market town of Nekemte, and the capital of the Tigray Region, Mek'ele. They contain the largest continuous area of high altitude land in the whole of the continent. The large protected area of fertile lands and major rivers became the seat of a power that would hold sway in its nearby region and beyond the continent. Narodnaya 1894 Alps 4807 Great Dividing Range Australasia Mt Koskiosko Caucasus Mt Elbrus Atlas Mountains Toubkal L/O To use an atlas to locate information about world mountains . The predominant climate of the Ethiopian Highlands is the Alpine climate. In the southern parts of the Ethiopian Highlands once was located the Kingdom of Kaffa, a medieval early modern state, whence the coffee plant was exported to the Arabian Peninsula. Ethiopia has a huge potential as a tourist destination however not many actually knows that. Lalibela is a former capital which contains one of Christianity’s most important sites; a series of 13th century churches carved out of rock with according to legend the help of angels. It covers 20 percent of the Earth’s land surface, contains unique geology and a wealth of biodiversity—including 8 of the world’s 34 biodiversity hotspots. Africa has eight major physical regions: the Sahara, the Sahel, the Ethiopian Highlands, the … As the lower slopes of the mountains are so heavily populated, even the high altitude moorlands are affected by human interference, such as the grazing of livestock and even farming. Wiki User Answered . Another unique animal is the Ethiopian wolf which also is endemic to the Ethiopian Highland. It is sometimes called the Roof of Africa due to its height and large area. In order to submit a comment to this post, please write this code along with your comment: 9b72fc8c491d88390cee6b9a8e954540. The opening of the Great Rift Valley split the dome of the Ethiopian Highlands into three parts; the mountains of the southern Arabian Peninsula are geologically part of the ancient Ethiopian Highlands, separated by the rifting which created the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden and separated Africa from Arabia. It forms the largest continuous area of its altitude in the continent, with little of its surface falling below 1500 m (4,921 ft), while the summits reach heights of up to 4550 m (14,928 ft). However even these parks are losing habitat to livestock grazing, while the lower elevation parks (Harar Wildlife Sanctuary, Awash National Park, Omo National Park, and Nechisar National Park) are even less secure. They are also simply spectacular. Weyna dega is a woodland found in moister and higher locations, dominated by the conifers Afrocarpus gracilior and Juniperus procera. Ethiopia is the only African country never to have been colonize which indeed is caused by the inhospitable terrain. The interior part of Ethiopia is covered by the Ethiopian Highlands and continues further north into Eritrea. It forms the largest continuous area of its elevation in the continent, with little of its surface falling below 1,500 m (4,900 ft) , while the summits reach heights of up to 4,550 m (14,930 ft) . The Ethiopian Highlands is a rugged mass of mountains in Ethiopia, situated in northeast part of Africa. The Ethiopian Highlands is a rugged mass of mountains in Ethiopia, situated in the Horn region in northeast Africa. It was formerly known as the Ethiopian Zone or Ethiopian Region. It is truly a very beautiful place which can not be experienced anywhere else on Earth. The Ethiopian Highlands is a rugged mass of mountains in Ethiopia, situated in the Horn region in northeast Africa. . Other endemics include the big-headed mole-rat (Tachyoryctes macrocephalus) which is common on the Sanetti Plateau in the Bale Mountains. Wintering birds include wigeon (Anas penelope), shoveler (Anas clypeata), ruff (Philomachus pugnax), and greenshank (Tringa nebularia). Asked by Wiki User. Geology. The GERD, built 15 kilometers from the Ethiopian border with Sudan, has been a source of contention between the three countries. The northwestern part, includes the Semien Mountains, which are famous by peak Ras Dashan (4550 m) - the highest in Ethiopia and Lake Tana. The Ethiopian Highlands began to rise 75 million years ago[citation needed], as magma from the Earth's mantle uplifted a broad dome of the ancient rocks of the Arabian-Nubian Shield. Because the highlands elevate Ethiopia, located close to the equator, this has resulted in giving this country an unexpectedly temperate climate. Due to the sheltering effect of the highland it has preserve one of the world’s most distinct cultures. Birds include Rueppell's chat, the finch Ankober serin (Serinus ankoberensis), white-winged flufftail (Sarothrura ayresi), and blue-winged goose. The range includes peaks of over 4,000 m. Among these are Mount Tullu Demtu (4,337 m), which is the second-highest major independent mountain in Ethiopia, and Mount Batu (4,307 m). They live as if on an island in the middle of a continent plagued by crises and problems. Kolla, is an open woodland found at lower elevations, and dominated by species of Terminalia, Commiphora, Boswellia, and Acacia. Actually, many of the species are endemic to the Ethiopian Highlands (e.g. The Ethiopian Highlands is a rugged mass of mountains in Ethiopia, situated in the Horn region in northeast Africa. At 4543 meters, it is the fourth highest mountain in Africa. Wolaita Sodo Univerisity Abstract- Throughout the world today, ... on the economies of many countries in the continent. The Ethiopian Highlands are the largest continuous mountain ranges in Africa, and the Sof Omar Caves contains the largest cave on the continent. Remaining woodland in the drier areas contains much endemic flora and primarily consists of Podocarpus conifers and Juniperus procera, often with Hagenia abyssinica. What is the continent of the ethiopian highlands? It is sometimes called the Roof of Africa due to its height and large area. GPS constraints on broad scale extension in the Ethiopian Highlands and Main Ethiopian Rift Yelebe Birhanu1, Rebecca Bendick1, Shimeles Fisseha2, Elias Lewi2, Michael Floyd3, Robert King3, and Robert Reilinger3 1DepartmentofGeosciences,UniversityofMontana, Missoula,Montana,USA,2InstituteofGeophysics,SpaceSciencesand Astronomy, Addis Ababa … The northwestern portion, which covers the Tigray and Amhara Regions, includes the Semien Mountains, part of which has been designated the Simien Mountains National Park. Amazing picture of the Ethiopian Highlands. About 25 percent of the world’s degraded land is located in Africa ([58]; [56]). These slopes are home to a number of endemic wildlife species, including the endangered walia ibex (Capra walie) and the gelada baboon, whose thick fur allows it to thrive in the cooler climates of the mountains. In earlier times, dense forests of Acacia and Baobab trees grew on the Highlands. The North Central massifs of the country host the highest point in the country marked by the yellow upright triangle. The Highlands are divided into northwestern and southeastern portions by the Main Ethiopian Rift, which contains a number of salt lakes. The natural vegetation was closed-canopy forest in moister areas, and grassland, bushland, and thicket in drier areas. In Ethiopian Highlands the average altitude is about 2,400 meters above sea level however significant areas lie over 3,600 m and several peaks exceeds 4,000 meters. This article represents some of the top places to visit in Ethiopia on the African continent. These two species are only found on the northern side of the valley, while another rare endemic, the mountain nyala (Tragelaphus buxtoni) is restricted to the southern side, and now survives at higher altitudes than its original habitat since the lower slopes are heavily farmed. Further, these mountains catch the precipitation of the monsoon winds of the Indian Ocean, resulting in a rainy season that lasts from June until mid-September. Fauna at these elevations includes the endemic Harwood's spurfowl (Pternistis harwoodi), Prince Ruspoli's turaco (Tauraco ruspolii) and yellow-throated seedeater (Serinus flavigula)[7]. It forms the largest continuous area of its elevation in the continent, with little of its surface falling below 1500m, while the summits reach heights of up to 4550m. They consist of the rugged Western Highlands and the more limited Eastern Highlands. Map of Ethiopian Highlands Click on red triangle icons for links to other ranges. In the highland you find magnificent scenery and several species of mammals you not see anywhere else. It is divided in half almost equally by the Equator. Of course, some outside influences have crept into Ethiopia’s identity, none larger than that of Christianity, which … The city of Aksum is known for its many buildings with magnificent decorations, large obelisks, stelae, royal tombs and ruins of palaces. The two sections are separated by the vast Eastern Rift Valley, which cuts across Ethiopia from southwest to northeast. The evergreen broadleaved forest of the Semien Mountains, between 2,300 and 2,700 meters elevation, is dominated by Syzygium guineense, Juniperus procera, and Olea africana. There are several endemic animal species, one of which, the Ethiopian wolf (Canis simensis), is critically endangered. Africas physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately. Generally, the geological processes have formed isolated alpine plateau peaks which contain a spectacular and unique plant and animal life. 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