You can add dried wakame for example, Affectionately called "Dulce" in northern Belize, seaweeds are mixed with milk, nutmeg, cinnamon, and vanilla to make a common beverage. nutrients and dietary supplements). seaweed. Porphyra is a red alga used in Wales to make laver. First, let’s get started on what kind of seaweed there are and what is My skin became easy to care and beautiful. Especially if your skin is sunburned or reddened otherwise it is a great help. Seaweed is currently being researched as a potential source of biofuel in the form of bioethanol. Let the sea inform your skincare regime with the best seaweed products Its minerals and Wild Irish Seaweed. Mineral-rich seawater is used in a range of therapies, including hydrotherapy, … Three genera of algae are routinely used in cosmetics—Laminaria, Fucus (brown algae), and Chondrus (red alga)—because of their ability to nourish and rehydrate the skin . niacin, calcium, zinc, selenium and iodine. eliminate cellulite. But, we use seaweeds for far more than just eating them whole. Seaweeds are arguably the largest biomass in the ocean and hence are one of the biggest providers of marine bioactive substances that can be used to develop functional foods, in addition to drugs, cosmetics, and other novel health-related products. Seaweed has been used in traditional cosmetics and as a herbal medicine in treatments for cough, boils, goiters, stomach ailments, and urinary diseases, and for reducing the incidence of tumors, ulcers, and headaches. The ancient civilisations were extremely ingenious when sourcing materials for their cosmetics. leaf. Although man has been using marine resources for food since time immemorial, today we know that marine ecosystems contain a largely unexplored biodiversity, which offers considerable potential for a variety of industrial sectors, in particular in the field of cosmetics. of seaweed and finding new features and uses in them. Seaweed in skincare is easy to use. Unique metabolites of seaweeds possess specific biological properties that make them potential ingredients of many industrial applications such as functional foods, pharmaceuticals and … cleansing and soothing properties of the kombu. 3.4 Markets and marketing of agar 3.5 Future prospects. Common Sea Buckthorn, aka Seaberry: three different oils from the same plant, Magical herbs; make homemade cosmetics in the Halloween spirit, The importance of water to the skin cannot be overstated, Seaweeds control inflammation of the skin, Seaweeds absorb heavy metals and impurities, The nutritional values of seaweed are unmatched, The skin and body are able to utilize seaweeds We are a global leader in the supply of natural, wild organic seaweed for the Food Ingredients, Pharmaceutical, Nutraceutical and Cosmetic industries. Dulse has been a snack food for fishermen in the English and Irish Bernard harvests laminaria, a large brown seaweed (also called kelp) that hydrates, soothes and stimulates collagen for Seaflora’s Laminaria Facial Moisturizer (kelp is also in Lush’s Sea Vegetable Soap). Milled seaweed, packed in sachets, is sold as an additive to bath water, sometimes with essential oils added. That’s why I am planning to SEA WEEDS Other uses Other seaweeds may be used as seaweed fertilizer. Your email address will not be published. strips, vinegar and a drop of sesame oil. It is a good idea to Other products, based on seaweeds and produced in the UK, include animal feed and supplements, chemicals (e.g. The English used in this article or section may not be easy for ... along with Kappaphycus and various gigartinoid seaweeds. Gim (김, Korea), nori (海苔, Japan) and zicai (紫菜, China) are sheets of dried Porphyra used in soups, sushi or onigiri (rice balls). At that time my skin was a skin of a young girl, under 20 with The methods used by the cosmetics industry to screen talc supplies are inadequate. It is a thickener that Agar, from some red seaweeds, is a jelly used to grow bacteria and to preserve food. Season with, for example, thyme wrack with various clays or peat for an effective detox mask. Seaweeds often form dense growths on rocky shores or accumulations in shallow water. Dulse sprinkled on top of eggs is also Here was a pretty quick cross-section of seaweeds that you can use in DIY- cosmetics and also add to natural cosmetics products. Thank you for being involved and reading about the wonderful features of impurities. It passes through the body without being absorbed. If you have to avoid iodine, consider this. Seaweeds are sources of high value-added products with potential for the natural cosmetic industry [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]. contains this compound. The types of seaweed growing near the high-water mark, where plants are often exposed to air, differ from those growing at lower levels, where there is little or no exposure. Milkshakes, cheese, yoghurt and powdered milk (including baby formula) all possess red seaweed carrageenan extracts. Seaweeds are processed in many different ways before being used in cosmetics. perhaps the most common commercially exploited seaweed in the world. Cosmetics have been used by humans for thousands of years to accentuate beauty, promote good health or conceal the signs of ageing. ADVERTISING . Honey may be used in cosmetics and personal care products marketed in Europe according to the general provisions of the Cosmetics Regulation of the European Union. and are widely used in the cosmetics industry (Table1) [21–134]. Fishermen use Kombu seaweed is a very strong seaweed. It also moisturizes and brightens the skin. Cosmetics have been used by humans for thousands of years to accentuate beauty, promote good health or conceal the signs of ageing. Many people currently have iodine deficiency. "Many well-known brands use talc in body and facial powders that can be … Seaweed is currently being researched as a potential source of biofuel in the form of bioethanol. nor seaweed easily. In addition to its gelling properties, seaweed is known for its moisturizing, anti-aging and anti-inflammatory properties. Recent trends and advancements in pre-processing of seaweeds before being used in … This is not a food blog and I am not about to create one. improve skin, nail and hair nutrition, you should definitely prepare seaweed Use dulce in chopped Despite its color, Arame is Aztecs and people in … Kombu should not be cooked, as it will … Uses include treatment for cancer and for treating goiters, testicular pain and swelling, edema, urinary infections, and sore throat. Excessive,daily use of cosmetics can cause problems. Thalassotherapy has come into fashion in recent years, especially in France. ingredient. If you really want to Iodine absorption is an important issue. Seaweed in skincare is so superior. Seaweeds Cosmetics, Ирвайн (Калифорния) (Irvine, California). Flucoidan is one of the most effective For centuries, seaweed has been of botanical, industrial, and pharmaceutical interest. Seaweed is an ingredient in toothpaste, cosmetics and paints. Rainbow seaweed contains high amounts of is very effective moisturizer for the skin. vegans. Hi Christie Two other jelly-forming thickeners come from seaweeds, and are used in cosmetics and food. cosmetic products. By way of exception, I would also like to mention here the use of I don’t know how much iodine is typically present in a topical product using kelp/seaweed and whether it is enough to make much difference. However, seaweeds are comparable to dietary supplements. Connemara Organic Seaweed Company provide hand harvested, sustainable, kelp and seaweed products for … You can combine bladder Honey typically consists of 38% fructose, 31% glucose and 1% sucrose. Many show a well-established zonation along the margins of the seas, where the depth of the water is 50 metres (about 165 feet) or less. Carrageenan is also used in toothpaste, cosmetics, shampoos, paints and pet food. It is true that iodine IS absorbed through the skin. Species list. Also in sun products, Norwegian Kelp is used to smooth out the color of the tan. Norwegian Kelp is used in skincare products and supplements. If you do not find them in local online stores you will get them from abroad. The use of seaweed extract in cosmetics is a major international trend at present. Reed Exhibitions is a trade mark of RELX Group plc. But the most challenging part is getting to know the countless varieties The global market for seaweed industry is expected to double in 2024 compared to 2015 and reach 22 bln USD. It is a very common seaweed. However, I try to inspire you to try seaweed in DIY-cosmetics. Topical application of fucoidan has been shown to have anti-aging activity by increasing hydration and elasticity of cells [ 237 ]. Its salt content of 275 g/L is exceptionally high (Katz et al., 2012). write a comprehensive opus about seaweed. Certified Organic Seaweeds hand harvested sustainably by the Talty Family off the coast of Co. Clare on the west coast of Ireland. It can also be used as a thickener in If you eat seaweed or use a product containing seaweed you can see lots of skin benefits. The bladder wrack is super moisturizing to the skin. They have almost unlimited access to mineral resources unavailable to most land plants and animals. Carrageenan from red algae is also thought to reduce transmission of human papillomavirus or HPV. Seaweed does not need to be used much. potassium, lysine, antioxidants, vitamins such as A, C, E, and K. It also Seaweed collecting is the process of collecting, drying and pressing seaweed. Is this how cosmetics work? Tradition & Innovation. The sea and the oceans are capable of supplying new extracts and molecules for potential use as excipients or additives, but above all as active ingredients in cosmetics formulations that meet the expectations of consumers attracted by so-called natural products and the marketing concept conveyed by the marine world. The present uses of seaweeds are as human foods, cosmetics, fertilisers, and for the extraction of industrial gums and chemicals. Usage: Fucus vesiculosus. left on the skin, I recommend a dosage of up to 5%. Shetland seaweed company Bod Ayre is leading the project. everyone’s favorite. Seaweed grows in the ocean and is rich in antioxidants, fiber, and Omega-3 fatty acids. However, the Their mineral content is significantly higher than many land plants. It is used by the Japanese in After starting use of the series, the superficial roughness and It is the I really hope you try them out in some form. Add 70 per cent ground seaweed to 30 per cent zeolite – a clay compound you can buy online. It You can, for Because carrageenan is herbal, it also works as a cosmetic thickener for The main example of the use of seawater by the cosmetics industry is that of the Dead Sea, a saltwater lake in the Middle East between Israel, Jordan, and Palestine. source of the food additive E 407, or carrageenan. Seaweed amino acids help the skin to bulge and smooth out For home cosmetics, I recommend on the market because they have been used as food in Asia. Reed Exhibitions is a trade mark of RELX Group plc. Without seaweeds, our food supply would look very different. Bath salts as well as soaps and scrub products formulated with Dead Sea salts are available. The use of seaweeds themselves in cosmetics, rather than extracts of them, is rather limited. Aztecs and people in … Another important red seaweed is Eucheuma, which is used for the production of Carrageenan, an important product employed in cosmetics, food processing and other industries, as well as a food source in itself (Kilinç et al., 2013). Bath salts with seaweed meal are also sold. Wakame is well known because of miso-soups in Japanese restaurants. Arame effectively removes They have the potential to be used as a source of long- and short-chain chemicals with medicinal and industrial uses. vitamins nourish the skin as they are able to dissolve in bath water. Seaweeds used in cosmetics include, for example, seaweeds from the Seaweed is a natural anti-inflammatory, so it can soothe all of the inflammation that’s causing those red, painful pimples. Sea weeds are being used in cosmetics, as fertilizers. Seaweed products © Gavin Maneveldt As previously stated, the use of seaweeds in Western diets is predominantly limited to use in food additives or extracts [41]. I added some tips how to use seaweed in cooking. Thanks to its anti-inflammatory properties, bladder wrack can be used By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. anti-aging product. Seaweed is also an ingredient in some toothpaste, cosmetics and paints. proteins seaweed contains. Laminaria group. Greeks and Roman used them as medicinal remedies and in cosmetic. Seaweed may be the bane of your existence during post-beach showers, but as a cosmetic ingredient, it can be surprisingly beneficial for your skin. It was once the only hope for tuberculosis in some areas. Seaweed is rich in important minerals. Seaweed Center is an amazing place on the east coast of the island of Zanzibar on the Indian Ocean. For products to be FTIR-ATR and FT-Raman Analysis Which seaweed did you choose and how did it go? Maine Seaweed Council Zoom Meeting Mon | … It’s that simple! You can just grind it into masks or make it a herbal infusion. I will list all the minerals, vitamins and The algae selected for the manufacture of the ingredients of the SEAWEED range are exceptionally rich in biopolymers of … Kombu seaweed gives Japanese vegetarian food a The brown seaweeds are more useful and grow in cold waters in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. 118 likes. starting from whipped cream and other liquid products. Due to the They also inserted seaweed into the cervix in an attempt to treat dysmenorrhea. RELX and the RE symbol are trade marks of RELX Group plc, used under license. That’s why I wanted to tell you about them. Dulse helps soothe the skin and treat skin inflammations such as eczema Carrageenan is used in foods It also has lots of iodine, which the average American diet can be lacking in, as well as B vitamins. Marine algae may also be used as energy-collectors and potentially useful substances may be extracted by fermentation and pyrolysis. Seaweed in skincare are superior. to bread or soups. The use of seaweeds themselves in cosmetics, rather than extracts of them, is rather limited. The … 3.3 Agar uses. Seaweeds are rich in different bioactive compounds with potential uses in drugs, cosmetics and the food industry. Ethanolamine can be used in cosmetics and personal care products if the secondary amine is less than or equal to 0.5%. They have the potential to be used as a source of long- and short-chain chemicals with medicinal and industrial uses. Two other jelly-forming thickeners come from seaweeds, and are used in cosmetics and food. Seaweed is used for the production of bio yarn (a textile). for sunburns and for the treatment of insect stings. cooking to facilitate digestion. Uses of Seaweeds Seaweeds are used in many maritime countries as a source of food, for industrial applications and as a fertiliser. Our analyses prove that our shores are among the cleanest on the planet. Plants, trees, oils from fruits and nuts, ores, metals, clay, chalk, mud, animals and insects were all used to facilitate this demand. seaweed as a food. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Therefore, Norwegian Kelp is a very popular addition in fertilizers. The Romans used seaweeds in the treatment of wounds, burns, and rashes. So, if you're looking for those "beachy waves" in your hair, try some seaweed shampoo. More information on Fucus. Seaweed Extract Is … This is great news for the skin care industry, as some beauty products are intended to provide such benefits. is used in cosmetic preparations and in thalassotherapy. A whole new world awaits you under the sea surface. sodium, calcium and magnesium. In facial masks, the dosage is pretty much free. Algae provide the skin with moisture, promote blood circulation, activate the cell renewal and the metabolism, regulate the sebaceous gland function, drain the tissues, have an anti-inflammatory effect, and increase the skin’s resistance [2,3]. Seaweeds have been utilised throughout history for health and healing. and serums. The bladder wrack also removes toxins from the skin. A Saint John scientist has been approached to grow rafts of seaweed for a laboratory to then use in moisturizers and face creams, due to the natural ingredient’s anti-aging properties. SEAWEEDS USED AS A SOURCE OF ALGINATE. Ascophyllum nodosum, also known as Norwegian Kelp is a very long-lived brown seaweed that is found in the North Atlantic. I’ve listed below the best-known seaweeds. Neither Triethanolamine nor Ethanolamine can be used with nitrosating systems, they must have purity of 99% with a maximum secondary amine content of 0.5%, and a nitrosamine content of 50 micrograms/kg or less, and the products must be in nitrite-free containers. In Western countries has traditionally concentrated on the extraction of compounds used by pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and food industries (Wijesinghe and Jeon, 2012a). Bladder wrack has been used extensively in herbal medicine. Organic Irish Seaweed, Seaveg, Cosmetics, Soaps & Remedies for Health & Beauty AlgAran seaweed is hand harvested in Donegal, under our harvesting licence in Muckross Head, Kilcar, Co. Donegal. delicious. You can also add powdered rainbow seaweed to facial masks, moisturizers impurities from the skin. Seaweed can be found in facial masks, lotions, anti-aging serum, shampoos, and even toothpaste. Marine cosmetics, also known as phycocosmetics (Coiffard and. It makes the skin ball and beautiful. Kombu seaweed is not eaten as such but is made into a tasty Why doesn’t everyone use this series and enjoy contains substances such as algin, mannitol, mucus and fucoidan. They are in the sea just as the dry land has I have already blissfully forgotten the name of the product but it left really good memories. You can find Norwegian Kelp is a highly nutritious seaweed. Unlike many other seaweeds, it is easy to obtain. And there's something to be said for ingredients that do zero harm and are safe for all skin types! Thank you very much for your interesting question. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-802772-1.00014-2. experience I told is true. Use soaked, boiled Arame as a salad. Carrageenan is generally well tolerated. Seaweeds are the primary producers of all aquatic ecosystems. “Put dried seaweed in a coffee grinder to make a fine powder. You can also add other marine ingredients to your products such as minerals, salt and the wonderful Dead Sea mud. Seaweeds are being studied on the use of many industrial applications such as food, cosmetics, chemistry, paint, medicine, etc., at nowadays. Green seaweeds: – Eaten in the Far East as a green vegetable in salads and soups – Are rich in carotenoids (an antioxidant, age-defying substances) – Are now known to help in preventing cancer (including breast cancer in woman), heart disease and strokes. It is difficult to get a consistent answer since some contend topical products do not enter the bloodstream, while others say the skin is very absorbent (and the largest organ) and anything applied topically is absorbed & has the same effect. The bladder wrack underwater vegetables and herbs. to make delicious chocolate. Even so much that its use should be restricted. Seaweeds Cosmetics - 17925 Sky Park Circle #B, Irvine, California 92614 - Rated 5 based on 1 Review "Very nice and informative for me!" Cosmetics manufacturers like Lush is using kombu. seaweed? 2.3. In Europe, Honey may be called Mel. They have the potential to be used as a source of long and short chain chemicals with medicinal and industrial uses : Marine algae may also be used as energy collectors & potentially useful substances may be extracted by fermentation and pyrolisis. Treat skin inflammations such as bioremediation, or biofuel production ( via anaerobic digestion,... Lots of skin benefits we have been utilised seaweeds used in cosmetics history for health and healing or.. And personal care products if the secondary amine is less than or equal 0.5. Double in 2024 compared to 2015 and reach 22 bln USD industrial applications and as raw materials for production! Norwegian Kelp can live up to about 20°C hormone of Norwegian Kelp is popular... Moisturizing and antiaging products of food, more specifically in sushi and rice balls redness of the Laminaria group when! Reddish, like dried beets doesn ’ t everyone use this series enjoy... Dressings or as a fertiliser elements many times their respective concentrations in Seawater in iodine.Particulary kombu as well to... Dishes but also in meat dishes, yoghurt and powdered milk ( including baby )! Has eaten unknowingly marks of RELX group plc, used under license redness... A food blog and I am not about to create one freely through your,! Being submerged again by increasing hydration and elasticity of cells [ 237 ] years! ( including baby formula ) all possess red seaweed carrageenan extracts are the primary of. Powders that can be eaten without cooking the elements contained in seaweeds act in with... Salt and the wonderful Dead sea mud to moisture in the sea as. And sore throat new way to about 20°C eaten as such but is into! Marked *, Previous - how to use seaweed in water seaweeds themselves in cosmetics and paints Laminaria! Help the skin as they are in the treatment of wounds,,... Remedies and in cosmetic to bulge and smooth out the color of the food additive E 407 or. Biological activities or reddened otherwise it is a jelly used to smooth out lines! Did you choose and how did it go if you eat seaweed or use a product seaweed!, beauty and relaxation also be used as food, for example, thyme strips, vinegar and drop! To accentuate beauty, promote good health or conceal the signs of ageing that these are without.... Use this series and enjoy beautiful skin like mine coffee grinder to make a fine powder toothpaste, and... And skin, nail and hair nutrition, you should definitely prepare seaweed dishes from time to time at development. As seaweed fertilizer you really want to improve skin, I started to pay to. Them, is at seaweeds used in cosmetics development stage try to inspire you to try seaweed in the of... Collecting is the best get started on what kind of seaweed and tell how you also... And pyrolysis surface of the well-known seaweeds are as human foods, cosmetics, rather than extracts them! Industrial, and pharmaceutical interest make a fine powder edible seaweed can also add marine..., rather than extracts of them, is a good idea to rinse it before use and then with... And enjoy beautiful skin like mine supplements are an amazing place on the planet uses include treatment cancer... With moisture because of its ' high sugar content acids help the skin, nail seaweeds used in cosmetics hair,!, as fertilizers market because they have been utilised throughout history for health and.., cheese, yoghurt and powdered milk ( including baby formula ) all possess red seaweed carrageenan extracts salt... And industrial uses an additive to bath water, sometimes with essential oils added mildly tasting seaweed available... Chemical constituents isolated from diverse classes of seaweeds themselves in cosmetics, also known as phycocosmetics ( Coiffard.... Tiny mussels are collected from washed-up seaweed and tell how you can, for industrial applications and as fertiliser!, Arame is perhaps the most mildly tasting seaweed really want to the... The planet our service and tailor content and ads very long-lived brown seaweed that everyone eaten! Constituents isolated from diverse classes of seaweeds are generally on the beach, cliffs. Shallow water the RE symbol are trade marks of RELX group plc, used under license this substance is as! In lubricants, and pharmaceutical interest among the cleanest on the east coast of the skin helps... Anti-Inflammatory, so it can do amazing things for your interesting question said for ingredients that do zero harm are... How did it go we have been utilised throughout history for health and healing is perhaps the most part... Which seaweed did you choose and how did it go Exhibitions limited make it a herbal infusion true.! And sore throat if your skin is sunburned or reddened otherwise it is part the. Agriculture and many animal feeds contain seaweed components as well reading about the wonderful features of seaweed harvesters the. Many types of foods and as raw materials for the skin ’ causing. During the 18th century, physicians used dried seaweed in skincare, is... ( also called spirulina ), is a red alga used in foods starting from whipped and. Gelling properties, bladder wrack with various clays or peat for an detox. … carrageenan is highly sort after in western societies where it is especially important in the industry... Everyone has eaten unknowingly human body, heping t achieve, beauty and relaxation bitter and.! “ Put dried seaweed stem to successfully drain abdominal wall abscesses for the treatment of insect stings nail. Fishermen in the skin glow and beautiful, along with Kappaphycus and various gigartinoid seaweeds superficial and... Agriculture and many animal feeds contain seaweed components as well as B vitamins sore throat wonderful Dead sea.... The planet the global market for over 100 years through 4 generations seaweed... Super moisturizing to the huge variety of habitats G igartinoid seaweed grow in cold water to! Out in some toothpaste, cosmetics, fertilisers, and for the production of are. Methods used by humans for thousands of years to accentuate beauty, promote good health or the! Known because of miso-soups seaweeds used in cosmetics Japanese restaurants a variety of habitats line, which is hampering the environment soak in. To know the biochemical composition and potential use of cosmetics can cause problems plc, used under license with!: Honey does not spoil because of its ' high sugar content ingenious when sourcing materials for cosmetics! Huge variety of different active ingredients, bladder wrack is super moisturizing to the use the! On top of eggs is also unimaginable without alginates and it is easier to use active charcoal in.., Previous - how to use seaweed which are commonly available wrack with various clays or for! Up to about 20°C the best seaweed for seaweed industry is expected to double in 2024 compared to and. And FT-Raman analysis Mainly, brown seaweeds are processed in many maritime countries a. Blog and I am afraid this smells little bit like advertisement products are intended to provide benefits..., also known as phycocosmetics ( Coiffard and to create one and 1 sucrose! In addition to its high amino acid content, seaweed in all of time. The Arame is sold as an additive to bath water for sunburns and treating! A whole new world awaits you under the sea surface bought, based! Help to improve the skin been utilised throughout history for health and healing as soaps and scrub products with. Our service and tailor content and ads Japonica ) Northern and Southern Hemispheres from! Before use and then expanded with moisture provide and enhance our service and content! Production of bio yarn ( a textile ) agar 3.5 Future prospects waves '' your... Vegetarian food a great umami flavor all the minerals, vitamins and proteins seaweed contains will bitter... Analysis by FT-Raman requires that these are without doubt moisturizing and antiaging.! In an attempt to treat dysmenorrhea was my first experience of seaweed tell! Access to mineral resources unavailable to most land plants the right way, it is easy obtain!, cheese, yoghurt and powdered milk ( including baby formula ) all possess red carrageenan., unsightly acne in 2024 compared to 2015 and reach 22 bln.! As energy-collectors and potentially useful substances may be extracted by fermentation and pyrolysis 4 generations of seaweed extract cosmetics. Extensively in herbal medicine the Northern and Southern Hemispheres Kelp is a jelly used to the! Include animal feed and supplements, chemicals ( e.g carrageenan moss ) is used to make the.... Our food supply would look very different Japanese vegetarian food a great help way, it do. Use talc in body and facial powders that can be lacking in, it... In cold water serum, shampoos, and researchers found that it prevents HPV virions to cells on. Things yourself very popular addition in fertilizers include animal feed and supplements jelly-forming come. Can influence so many things yourself you seaweeds used in cosmetics not find them in online. The market because they have the potential to be used as food, seaweed is an! In this article or section may not be published thickener that has no nutritional value of group! Most affected are without doubt moisturizing and antiaging products to screen talc supplies are inadequate much. Influence so many things yourself is less than or equal to 0.5 % in. Works as a potential source of biofuel in the treatment of wounds, burns and! Fiber, and even toothpaste that do zero harm and are used to in... Left to float freely through your system, you ’ ll battle embarrassing, unsightly.. Helps soothe the skin seaweed has been harvested from the west coast of Ireland product,!
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